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Sleep & insulin resistance

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Table of Contents

  1. Sleep: A metabolic regulator
  2. The changing sleep environment
  3. How sleep dysregulation contributes to metabolic dysregulation
  4. Appetite and food intake
  5. Research highlight
  6. Decreased physical activity and energy expenditure
  7. Inflammation
  8. Circadian dysregulation
  9. Presence of obstructive sleep apnoea
  10. Summary

In 1998, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated there would be 300 million people globally living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by 2025.1 In 2017, the actual figures were 462 million (6.28% of the world’s population) well surpassing the estimations eight years earlier, with a projected increase of 7,079 people diagnosed per 100,000 by 2030. T2DM prevalence is continuing to rise at a rapid rate and continues to be a serious public health consideration.2

Key highlights

  • Poor sleep may be a risk factor for blood glucose dysregulation and insulin resistance.
  • Sleep serves as a metabolic regulator governed by biological patterns and homeostatic processes.
  • Artificial lighting decreases sleep duration which has been associated with T2DM and cardiometabolic health concerns.
  • Changes to sleep can influence muscle utilisation of glucose, insulin sensitivity, appetite control, and cortisol secretion.

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