From ‘Tired but Wired’ to ‘Rested and Relaxed’: Breaking the Hyperarousal Cycle

Persistent fatigue alongside heightened alertness, anxiety, or difficulty switching off is an increasingly common presentation. Often described as “tired but wired,” this pattern reflects chronic nervous system activation rather than simple sleep deprivation. Ongoing psychological stress, cognitive overload, poor recovery, and circadian disruption contribute to sustained hyperarousal, altered cortisol rhythms, and impaired sleep architecture.

Over time, this dysregulated stress response places strain on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system. Elevated evening cortisol, increased sympathetic tone, muscle tension, and a reduced capacity to transition into parasympathetic dominance interfere with restorative sleep. The result is a self-perpetuating cycle of non-refreshing sleep, daytime fatigue, reduced cognitive performance, and heightened stress sensitivity.

Breaking this cycle requires more than sleep hygiene alone. Supporting stress resilience involves restoring nervous system balance, improving stress recovery, and enhancing the body’s ability to downregulate after daily demands. Targeted lifestyle strategies, behavioural interventions, and evidence-informed nutritional support can help recalibrate stress physiology, promote deeper sleep, and support sustained energy, focus, and emotional regulation.